ABSTRACT
Objective The analysis of correlation between the occurrence of tourette syndrome with one-child family environment. Methods The authors investigated home environment of two groups. One group included 200 patients with tourette syndrome and is the other group included healthy children of the same age in 3 different primary and secondary schools. By comparing with the home environmental factors, parenting styles and parent emotional factors between two groups. Results The instabilities of home environment included bad family relationship, separation between parents, divorce, scolding and even beating children. It showed that anxiety of the direct supervisors among the sickness group were higher than healthy control group as well. Among the ten factors of the Family Environments Scale, the significant differences showed in six factors of affection,cohesion,expressiveness, conflict, intellectual-culture orientation, active-recreational orientation, organization between the two groups. Conclusion So we concluded that ①There is a correlation between the parents relations,parenting styles and the incidence of tourette syndrome; ②An anxiety of the direct supervisor may initiate, even aggravate the incidence of tourette syndrome; ③It is important to convert the education mode and take family overall treatment in order to reduce the incidence and improve the effectiveness of tourette syndrome.
ABSTRACT
The structure and 5-HT immunoreactivity in the brain and suboesophageal ganglion of three beetles, Ambrostoma quadriimpressum, Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata and Oxycetonia jucunda, were first studied by means of colophony-paraffin embedding serial section technique and strepteavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemical method. The results showed that the brains of these three taxonomically closely related beetles were remarkably different in composition and size. Mushroom bodies and antennal lobes in Oxycetonia jucunda were conspicuous. Calyces and lobes of the mushroom bodies.were much developed. In contrast, calyces of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum and Henosepilachna vigintioctomaculata were extremely undeveloped. However, the postretinal fibres and circumpharyngeal nerves of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum were highly developed. In the three beetles, 5-HT immunoreactivity was present in all neuropils of the brain and the suboesophageal ganglion. The pattern of 5-HT immunoreactivity and the localization of immunoreactive somata which often clustered into groups were similar among these beetles, while the immunoreactivity intensity was distinct, especially in the lamina. The results suggest that the three beetles have given rise to adaptive radiation under the evolutionary pressure because of the long-term different life styles and living environments in which the taxonomic status of Ambrostoma quadriimpressum is relatively low. The similarity of the pattern of 5-HT immunoreactivity and localization of some positive somata among the three beetles raise the possibility that 5-HT seemes to serve similar physiological function in different insects. Furthermore, 5-HT might be involved in modulating the ingestion by regulating muscular activity and visual sensitivity.
ABSTRACT
Cardiac neurosis is a syndrome caused by dysfunction of CNS,which influences autonomic function and then disordered cardiac-vascular function.The author sums up a set of firm-soft differentiation treatment to the disease under his years of clinical experience,which has marked clinical cure effect.